LnRiLWhlYWRpbmcuaGFzLWJhY2tncm91bmR7cGFkZGluZzowfQ==
LnRiLWZpZWxke21hcmdpbi1ib3R0b206MC43NmVtfS50Yi1maWVsZC0tbGVmdHt0ZXh0LWFsaWduOmxlZnR9LnRiLWZpZWxkLS1jZW50ZXJ7dGV4dC1hbGlnbjpjZW50ZXJ9LnRiLWZpZWxkLS1yaWdodHt0ZXh0LWFsaWduOnJpZ2h0fS50Yi1maWVsZF9fc2t5cGVfcHJldmlld3twYWRkaW5nOjEwcHggMjBweDtib3JkZXItcmFkaXVzOjNweDtjb2xvcjojZmZmO2JhY2tncm91bmQ6IzAwYWZlZTtkaXNwbGF5OmlubGluZS1ibG9ja311bC5nbGlkZV9fc2xpZGVze21hcmdpbjowfQ==
Home / Find our experts / Elliott Young
Elliott Young
Professor of History, Lewis & Clark College
CONTACT INFORMATION
WebsiteSOCIAL
@elliottyoungpdx
View CVAVAILABLE FOR
Elliott Young
Professor of History, Lewis & Clark College
AREAS OF EXPERTISE
Caribbean Migration, Detention and Deportation, East Asian Migration, Human Trafficking / Slavery, Immigration During the 19th Century, Immigration During the 20th Century, Immigration During the 21st Century, Labor Migration, Latin American Migration, Nativism and Xenophobia, North American Migration, Race and Ethnicity, Refugee and Asylum
AREAS OF TEACHING
Borderlands, Latin America, Transnational Migration
PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT
BIO
UG9wcGluczo1MDAsNjAwIyMjTG9yYTpyZWd1bGFy
@media only screen and (min-width: 782px) { .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="64a7bdb598fc1f84928d6caa63eabd2a"] { display: none; } } @media only screen and (min-width: 782px) { .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="7e3a1e54c6cffe397819234574554c82"] { display: none; } } .tb-container .tb-container-inner{width:100%;margin:0 auto} .wp-block-toolset-blocks-container.tb-container[data-toolset-blocks-container="7b00033d54d42a5e8079342908629dd9"] { background: rgba( 240, 243, 247, 1 );padding: 25px; } .tb-container .tb-container-inner{width:100%;margin:0 auto} .wp-block-toolset-blocks-container.tb-container[data-toolset-blocks-container="a16c635640a82fb718645c6a45644254"] { background: rgba( 64, 126, 201, 1 );padding: 75px 25px 75px 25px; } .wp-block-toolset-blocks-container.tb-container[data-toolset-blocks-container="a16c635640a82fb718645c6a45644254"] > .tb-container-inner { max-width: 900px; } .tb-button{color:#f1f1f1}.tb-button--left{text-align:left}.tb-button--center{text-align:center}.tb-button--right{text-align:right}.tb-button__link{color:inherit;cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;line-height:100%;text-decoration:none !important;text-align:center;transition:all 0.3s ease}.tb-button__link:hover,.tb-button__link:focus,.tb-button__link:visited{color:inherit}.tb-button__link:hover .tb-button__content,.tb-button__link:focus .tb-button__content,.tb-button__link:visited .tb-button__content{font-family:inherit;font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;letter-spacing:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;text-shadow:inherit;text-transform:inherit}.tb-button__content{vertical-align:middle;transition:all 0.3s ease}.tb-button__icon{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;font-style:normal !important}.tb-button__icon::before{content:attr(data-font-code);font-weight:normal !important}.tb-button__link{background-color:#444;border-radius:0.3em;font-size:1.3em;margin-bottom:0.76em;padding:0.55em 1.5em 0.55em} .tb-button[data-toolset-blocks-button="89363fa506982719080edbfd242351a2"] { text-align: center; } .tb-button[data-toolset-blocks-button="89363fa506982719080edbfd242351a2"] .tb-button__link { background-color: rgba( 255, 105, 0, 1 );border-radius: 0;color: rgba( 255, 255, 255, 1 );padding: 13px 32px 13px 32px;font-size: 18px;line-height: 20px;font-family: Poppins;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;letter-spacing: 0px;text-transform: uppercase;color: rgba( 255, 255, 255, 1 ); } .tb-button[data-toolset-blocks-button="89363fa506982719080edbfd242351a2"] .tb-button__link:hover { background-color: rgba( 7, 29, 73, 1 );color: rgba( 255, 255, 255, 1 );font-size: 18px;line-height: 20px;font-family: Poppins;font-weight: 600;color: rgba( 255, 255, 255, 1 ); } .tb-button[data-toolset-blocks-button="89363fa506982719080edbfd242351a2"] .tb-button__icon { font-family: dashicons; } h4.tb-heading[data-toolset-blocks-heading="f79d6d57d387b7b89bded1eefd14c9fa"]  { font-size: 38px;font-family: Poppins;font-weight: 500;color: rgba( 255, 255, 255, 1 );text-align: center; }  h4.tb-heading[data-toolset-blocks-heading="f79d6d57d387b7b89bded1eefd14c9fa"] a  { text-decoration: none; } .tb-container .tb-container-inner{width:100%;margin:0 auto} .wp-block-toolset-blocks-container.tb-container[data-toolset-blocks-container="4d339687f4c9c354ed4e82e865692339"] { padding: 25px; } .tb-container .tb-container-inner{width:100%;margin:0 auto} .wp-block-toolset-blocks-container.tb-container[data-toolset-blocks-container="60e6082cff0d77c818bfabe5ab1b89e8"] { padding: 25px;margin-top: -120px; } .wp-block-toolset-blocks-container.tb-container[data-toolset-blocks-container="60e6082cff0d77c818bfabe5ab1b89e8"] > .tb-container-inner { max-width: 900px; } .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="c881305506c061c29f270d6c0a5512c6"] { padding-bottom: 25px; } .tb-field[data-toolset-blocks-field="57c459d87c1a77257eea4303d9f28ba4"] { padding-bottom: 25px; }  .tb-field[data-toolset-blocks-field="57c459d87c1a77257eea4303d9f28ba4"] a { text-decoration: none; } .tb-field[data-toolset-blocks-field="0dd04cbe9be35cfbf4fdb10393757909"] { padding-bottom: 25px; }  .tb-field[data-toolset-blocks-field="0dd04cbe9be35cfbf4fdb10393757909"] a { text-decoration: none; } .tb-field[data-toolset-blocks-field="ba2394bb58845bb595b50bd44bf5c029"] { padding-bottom: 25px;margin-bottom: 0; }  .tb-field[data-toolset-blocks-field="ba2394bb58845bb595b50bd44bf5c029"] a { text-decoration: none; }  .tb-field[data-toolset-blocks-field="a3c1356471e8cb98ce8b1550df60c8d2"] a { text-decoration: none; } .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="63ec159b7aa4138265e7eb55d9f7fc86"] { margin-bottom: 20px; } .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="fc659f5bde1a805687ab3acb534d959a"] { margin-bottom: 30px; } .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="f748a0fe2c80541bf77d03679475cbde"] { font-family: Poppins;font-weight: 500;font-size: 21px;line-height: 1.4em;margin-bottom: 20px; } .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="f748a0fe2c80541bf77d03679475cbde"] p { font-size: 21px;font-family: Poppins;font-weight: 500;line-height: 1.4em; } .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="a908943b9d25dbcf6af74680c7a16de8"] { font-family: Lora;font-weight: normal;font-size: 54px;line-height: 1.2em;margin-top: 10px;padding-bottom: 0; } .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="a908943b9d25dbcf6af74680c7a16de8"] p { font-size: 54px;font-family: Lora;font-weight: normal;line-height: 1.2em; }  .tb-field[data-toolset-blocks-field="5adf4dac3f32cb74d0cd444aacd80d44"] a { text-decoration: none; } .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="35ec8e9b8030032861998b037ce34eed"] { color: rgba( 0, 0, 0, 1 );margin-top: 20px; } .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="35ec8e9b8030032861998b037ce34eed"] p { color: rgba( 0, 0, 0, 1 ); } .tb-image{position:relative;transition:transform 0.25s ease}.wp-block-image .tb-image.aligncenter{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.tb-image img{max-width:100%;height:auto;width:auto;transition:transform 0.25s ease}.tb-image .tb-image-caption-fit-to-image{display:table}.tb-image .tb-image-caption-fit-to-image .tb-image-caption{display:table-caption;caption-side:bottom} .wp-block-image.tb-image[data-toolset-blocks-image="b4773aa84937499e6610081a6f62e1dc"] { max-width: 100%; } .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="64a7bdb598fc1f84928d6caa63eabd2a"] { font-family: Poppins;font-weight: 500;font-size: 21px;line-height: 1.4em;margin-bottom: 20px; } .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="64a7bdb598fc1f84928d6caa63eabd2a"] p { font-size: 21px;font-family: Poppins;font-weight: 500;line-height: 1.4em; } .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="7e3a1e54c6cffe397819234574554c82"] { font-family: Lora;font-weight: normal;font-size: 54px;line-height: 1.2em;margin-top: 10px;padding-bottom: 0; } .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="7e3a1e54c6cffe397819234574554c82"] p { font-size: 54px;font-family: Lora;font-weight: normal;line-height: 1.2em; } .tb-container .tb-container-inner{width:100%;margin:0 auto} .wp-block-toolset-blocks-container.tb-container[data-toolset-blocks-container="707cca86d1d69a4200c9d1bca01a6eeb"] { background: rgba( 51, 51, 51, 1 );padding: 25px 25px 170px 25px; } .wp-block-toolset-blocks-container.tb-container[data-toolset-blocks-container="707cca86d1d69a4200c9d1bca01a6eeb"] > .tb-container-inner { max-width: 900px; } .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="eaf8c7d3cc26c4672bce0d80410e7de9"] { font-family: Poppins;font-weight: 500;font-size: 14px;color: rgba( 255, 255, 255, 1 ); } .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="eaf8c7d3cc26c4672bce0d80410e7de9"] p { font-size: 14px;font-family: Poppins;font-weight: 500;color: rgba( 255, 255, 255, 1 ); } @media only screen and (min-width: 600px) and (max-width: 781px) { .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="64a7bdb598fc1f84928d6caa63eabd2a"] { display: none; } } @media only screen and (min-width: 600px) and (max-width: 781px) { .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="7e3a1e54c6cffe397819234574554c82"] { display: none; } } @media only screen and (max-width: 781px) { .tb-container .tb-container-inner{width:100%;margin:0 auto}.tb-container .tb-container-inner{width:100%;margin:0 auto}.tb-button{color:#f1f1f1}.tb-button--left{text-align:left}.tb-button--center{text-align:center}.tb-button--right{text-align:right}.tb-button__link{color:inherit;cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;line-height:100%;text-decoration:none !important;text-align:center;transition:all 0.3s ease}.tb-button__link:hover,.tb-button__link:focus,.tb-button__link:visited{color:inherit}.tb-button__link:hover .tb-button__content,.tb-button__link:focus .tb-button__content,.tb-button__link:visited .tb-button__content{font-family:inherit;font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;letter-spacing:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;text-shadow:inherit;text-transform:inherit}.tb-button__content{vertical-align:middle;transition:all 0.3s ease}.tb-button__icon{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;font-style:normal !important}.tb-button__icon::before{content:attr(data-font-code);font-weight:normal !important}.tb-button__link{background-color:#444;border-radius:0.3em;font-size:1.3em;margin-bottom:0.76em;padding:0.55em 1.5em 0.55em} .tb-container .tb-container-inner{width:100%;margin:0 auto}.tb-container .tb-container-inner{width:100%;margin:0 auto}     .tb-image{position:relative;transition:transform 0.25s ease}.wp-block-image .tb-image.aligncenter{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.tb-image img{max-width:100%;height:auto;width:auto;transition:transform 0.25s ease}.tb-image .tb-image-caption-fit-to-image{display:table}.tb-image .tb-image-caption-fit-to-image .tb-image-caption{display:table-caption;caption-side:bottom}.tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="64a7bdb598fc1f84928d6caa63eabd2a"] {  } .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="7e3a1e54c6cffe397819234574554c82"] {  } .tb-container .tb-container-inner{width:100%;margin:0 auto} } @media only screen and (max-width: 599px) { .tb-container .tb-container-inner{width:100%;margin:0 auto} .wp-block-toolset-blocks-container.tb-container[data-toolset-blocks-container="7b00033d54d42a5e8079342908629dd9"] { padding-right: 0;padding-left: 0; } .tb-container .tb-container-inner{width:100%;margin:0 auto} .wp-block-toolset-blocks-container.tb-container[data-toolset-blocks-container="a16c635640a82fb718645c6a45644254"] { padding-top: 50px;padding-bottom: 50px; } .tb-button{color:#f1f1f1}.tb-button--left{text-align:left}.tb-button--center{text-align:center}.tb-button--right{text-align:right}.tb-button__link{color:inherit;cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;line-height:100%;text-decoration:none !important;text-align:center;transition:all 0.3s ease}.tb-button__link:hover,.tb-button__link:focus,.tb-button__link:visited{color:inherit}.tb-button__link:hover .tb-button__content,.tb-button__link:focus .tb-button__content,.tb-button__link:visited .tb-button__content{font-family:inherit;font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;letter-spacing:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;text-shadow:inherit;text-transform:inherit}.tb-button__content{vertical-align:middle;transition:all 0.3s ease}.tb-button__icon{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;font-style:normal !important}.tb-button__icon::before{content:attr(data-font-code);font-weight:normal !important}.tb-button__link{background-color:#444;border-radius:0.3em;font-size:1.3em;margin-bottom:0.76em;padding:0.55em 1.5em 0.55em}h4.tb-heading[data-toolset-blocks-heading="f79d6d57d387b7b89bded1eefd14c9fa"]  { font-size: 26px; }  .tb-container .tb-container-inner{width:100%;margin:0 auto} .wp-block-toolset-blocks-container.tb-container[data-toolset-blocks-container="4d339687f4c9c354ed4e82e865692339"] { padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px; } .tb-container .tb-container-inner{width:100%;margin:0 auto} .wp-block-toolset-blocks-container.tb-container[data-toolset-blocks-container="60e6082cff0d77c818bfabe5ab1b89e8"] { padding-right: 0;padding-left: 0; }     .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="f748a0fe2c80541bf77d03679475cbde"] { display: none; } .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="a908943b9d25dbcf6af74680c7a16de8"] { display: none; }  .tb-image{position:relative;transition:transform 0.25s ease}.wp-block-image .tb-image.aligncenter{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.tb-image img{max-width:100%;height:auto;width:auto;transition:transform 0.25s ease}.tb-image .tb-image-caption-fit-to-image{display:table}.tb-image .tb-image-caption-fit-to-image .tb-image-caption{display:table-caption;caption-side:bottom}.tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="7e3a1e54c6cffe397819234574554c82"] { font-size: 40px;margin-top: 0; } .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="7e3a1e54c6cffe397819234574554c82"] p { font-size: 40px; } .tb-container .tb-container-inner{width:100%;margin:0 auto} .wp-block-toolset-blocks-container.tb-container[data-toolset-blocks-container="707cca86d1d69a4200c9d1bca01a6eeb"] { padding-bottom: 100px; }  } 
Elliott Young is Professor in the History Department at Lewis and Clark College. Professor Young is the author of Alien Nation: Chinese Migration in the Americas from the Coolie Era through WWII, Catarino Garza’s Revolution on the Texas-Mexico Border, and co-editor of Continental Crossroads: Remapping US-Mexico Borderlands History, and a new book Forever Prisoners: How the United States Made the World’s Largest Immigrant Detention System. He has also published seven-peer reviewed journal articles, eight book chapters and numerous other essays. He is co-founder of the Tepoztlán Institute for Transnational History of the Americas and founder of the Migration Scholar Collaborative (MiSC). He has also provided expert witness testimony for over 450 asylum cases.
In addition to his scholarship, Professor Young has authored more than thirty op-eds in national and regional newspapers, including the Washington Post, the Houston Chronicle and the Oregonian. He is currently co-chair of the Portland Committee on Community Engaged Policing (PCCEP).
RESEARCH
UG9wcGluczo1MDAsNjAwIyMjTG9yYTpyZWd1bGFy
@media only screen and (min-width: 782px) { .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="64a7bdb598fc1f84928d6caa63eabd2a"] { display: none; } } @media only screen and (min-width: 782px) { .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="7e3a1e54c6cffe397819234574554c82"] { display: none; } } .tb-container .tb-container-inner{width:100%;margin:0 auto} .wp-block-toolset-blocks-container.tb-container[data-toolset-blocks-container="7b00033d54d42a5e8079342908629dd9"] { background: rgba( 240, 243, 247, 1 );padding: 25px; } .tb-container .tb-container-inner{width:100%;margin:0 auto} .wp-block-toolset-blocks-container.tb-container[data-toolset-blocks-container="a16c635640a82fb718645c6a45644254"] { background: rgba( 64, 126, 201, 1 );padding: 75px 25px 75px 25px; } .wp-block-toolset-blocks-container.tb-container[data-toolset-blocks-container="a16c635640a82fb718645c6a45644254"] > .tb-container-inner { max-width: 900px; } .tb-button{color:#f1f1f1}.tb-button--left{text-align:left}.tb-button--center{text-align:center}.tb-button--right{text-align:right}.tb-button__link{color:inherit;cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;line-height:100%;text-decoration:none !important;text-align:center;transition:all 0.3s ease}.tb-button__link:hover,.tb-button__link:focus,.tb-button__link:visited{color:inherit}.tb-button__link:hover .tb-button__content,.tb-button__link:focus .tb-button__content,.tb-button__link:visited .tb-button__content{font-family:inherit;font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;letter-spacing:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;text-shadow:inherit;text-transform:inherit}.tb-button__content{vertical-align:middle;transition:all 0.3s ease}.tb-button__icon{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;font-style:normal !important}.tb-button__icon::before{content:attr(data-font-code);font-weight:normal !important}.tb-button__link{background-color:#444;border-radius:0.3em;font-size:1.3em;margin-bottom:0.76em;padding:0.55em 1.5em 0.55em} .tb-button[data-toolset-blocks-button="89363fa506982719080edbfd242351a2"] { text-align: center; } .tb-button[data-toolset-blocks-button="89363fa506982719080edbfd242351a2"] .tb-button__link { background-color: rgba( 255, 105, 0, 1 );border-radius: 0;color: rgba( 255, 255, 255, 1 );padding: 13px 32px 13px 32px;font-size: 18px;line-height: 20px;font-family: Poppins;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;letter-spacing: 0px;text-transform: uppercase;color: rgba( 255, 255, 255, 1 ); } .tb-button[data-toolset-blocks-button="89363fa506982719080edbfd242351a2"] .tb-button__link:hover { background-color: rgba( 7, 29, 73, 1 );color: rgba( 255, 255, 255, 1 );font-size: 18px;line-height: 20px;font-family: Poppins;font-weight: 600;color: rgba( 255, 255, 255, 1 ); } .tb-button[data-toolset-blocks-button="89363fa506982719080edbfd242351a2"] .tb-button__icon { font-family: dashicons; } h4.tb-heading[data-toolset-blocks-heading="f79d6d57d387b7b89bded1eefd14c9fa"]  { font-size: 38px;font-family: Poppins;font-weight: 500;color: rgba( 255, 255, 255, 1 );text-align: center; }  h4.tb-heading[data-toolset-blocks-heading="f79d6d57d387b7b89bded1eefd14c9fa"] a  { text-decoration: none; } .tb-container .tb-container-inner{width:100%;margin:0 auto} .wp-block-toolset-blocks-container.tb-container[data-toolset-blocks-container="4d339687f4c9c354ed4e82e865692339"] { padding: 25px; } .tb-container .tb-container-inner{width:100%;margin:0 auto} .wp-block-toolset-blocks-container.tb-container[data-toolset-blocks-container="60e6082cff0d77c818bfabe5ab1b89e8"] { padding: 25px;margin-top: -120px; } .wp-block-toolset-blocks-container.tb-container[data-toolset-blocks-container="60e6082cff0d77c818bfabe5ab1b89e8"] > .tb-container-inner { max-width: 900px; } .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="c881305506c061c29f270d6c0a5512c6"] { padding-bottom: 25px; } .tb-field[data-toolset-blocks-field="57c459d87c1a77257eea4303d9f28ba4"] { padding-bottom: 25px; }  .tb-field[data-toolset-blocks-field="57c459d87c1a77257eea4303d9f28ba4"] a { text-decoration: none; } .tb-field[data-toolset-blocks-field="0dd04cbe9be35cfbf4fdb10393757909"] { padding-bottom: 25px; }  .tb-field[data-toolset-blocks-field="0dd04cbe9be35cfbf4fdb10393757909"] a { text-decoration: none; } .tb-field[data-toolset-blocks-field="ba2394bb58845bb595b50bd44bf5c029"] { padding-bottom: 25px;margin-bottom: 0; }  .tb-field[data-toolset-blocks-field="ba2394bb58845bb595b50bd44bf5c029"] a { text-decoration: none; }  .tb-field[data-toolset-blocks-field="a3c1356471e8cb98ce8b1550df60c8d2"] a { text-decoration: none; } .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="63ec159b7aa4138265e7eb55d9f7fc86"] { margin-bottom: 20px; } .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="fc659f5bde1a805687ab3acb534d959a"] { margin-bottom: 30px; } .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="f748a0fe2c80541bf77d03679475cbde"] { font-family: Poppins;font-weight: 500;font-size: 21px;line-height: 1.4em;margin-bottom: 20px; } .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="f748a0fe2c80541bf77d03679475cbde"] p { font-size: 21px;font-family: Poppins;font-weight: 500;line-height: 1.4em; } .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="a908943b9d25dbcf6af74680c7a16de8"] { font-family: Lora;font-weight: normal;font-size: 54px;line-height: 1.2em;margin-top: 10px;padding-bottom: 0; } .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="a908943b9d25dbcf6af74680c7a16de8"] p { font-size: 54px;font-family: Lora;font-weight: normal;line-height: 1.2em; }  .tb-field[data-toolset-blocks-field="5adf4dac3f32cb74d0cd444aacd80d44"] a { text-decoration: none; } .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="35ec8e9b8030032861998b037ce34eed"] { color: rgba( 0, 0, 0, 1 );margin-top: 20px; } .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="35ec8e9b8030032861998b037ce34eed"] p { color: rgba( 0, 0, 0, 1 ); } .tb-image{position:relative;transition:transform 0.25s ease}.wp-block-image .tb-image.aligncenter{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.tb-image img{max-width:100%;height:auto;width:auto;transition:transform 0.25s ease}.tb-image .tb-image-caption-fit-to-image{display:table}.tb-image .tb-image-caption-fit-to-image .tb-image-caption{display:table-caption;caption-side:bottom} .wp-block-image.tb-image[data-toolset-blocks-image="b4773aa84937499e6610081a6f62e1dc"] { max-width: 100%; } .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="64a7bdb598fc1f84928d6caa63eabd2a"] { font-family: Poppins;font-weight: 500;font-size: 21px;line-height: 1.4em;margin-bottom: 20px; } .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="64a7bdb598fc1f84928d6caa63eabd2a"] p { font-size: 21px;font-family: Poppins;font-weight: 500;line-height: 1.4em; } .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="7e3a1e54c6cffe397819234574554c82"] { font-family: Lora;font-weight: normal;font-size: 54px;line-height: 1.2em;margin-top: 10px;padding-bottom: 0; } .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="7e3a1e54c6cffe397819234574554c82"] p { font-size: 54px;font-family: Lora;font-weight: normal;line-height: 1.2em; } .tb-container .tb-container-inner{width:100%;margin:0 auto} .wp-block-toolset-blocks-container.tb-container[data-toolset-blocks-container="707cca86d1d69a4200c9d1bca01a6eeb"] { background: rgba( 51, 51, 51, 1 );padding: 25px 25px 170px 25px; } .wp-block-toolset-blocks-container.tb-container[data-toolset-blocks-container="707cca86d1d69a4200c9d1bca01a6eeb"] > .tb-container-inner { max-width: 900px; } .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="eaf8c7d3cc26c4672bce0d80410e7de9"] { font-family: Poppins;font-weight: 500;font-size: 14px;color: rgba( 255, 255, 255, 1 ); } .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="eaf8c7d3cc26c4672bce0d80410e7de9"] p { font-size: 14px;font-family: Poppins;font-weight: 500;color: rgba( 255, 255, 255, 1 ); } @media only screen and (min-width: 600px) and (max-width: 781px) { .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="64a7bdb598fc1f84928d6caa63eabd2a"] { display: none; } } @media only screen and (min-width: 600px) and (max-width: 781px) { .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="7e3a1e54c6cffe397819234574554c82"] { display: none; } } @media only screen and (max-width: 781px) { .tb-container .tb-container-inner{width:100%;margin:0 auto}.tb-container .tb-container-inner{width:100%;margin:0 auto}.tb-button{color:#f1f1f1}.tb-button--left{text-align:left}.tb-button--center{text-align:center}.tb-button--right{text-align:right}.tb-button__link{color:inherit;cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;line-height:100%;text-decoration:none !important;text-align:center;transition:all 0.3s ease}.tb-button__link:hover,.tb-button__link:focus,.tb-button__link:visited{color:inherit}.tb-button__link:hover .tb-button__content,.tb-button__link:focus .tb-button__content,.tb-button__link:visited .tb-button__content{font-family:inherit;font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;letter-spacing:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;text-shadow:inherit;text-transform:inherit}.tb-button__content{vertical-align:middle;transition:all 0.3s ease}.tb-button__icon{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;font-style:normal !important}.tb-button__icon::before{content:attr(data-font-code);font-weight:normal !important}.tb-button__link{background-color:#444;border-radius:0.3em;font-size:1.3em;margin-bottom:0.76em;padding:0.55em 1.5em 0.55em} .tb-container .tb-container-inner{width:100%;margin:0 auto}.tb-container .tb-container-inner{width:100%;margin:0 auto}     .tb-image{position:relative;transition:transform 0.25s ease}.wp-block-image .tb-image.aligncenter{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.tb-image img{max-width:100%;height:auto;width:auto;transition:transform 0.25s ease}.tb-image .tb-image-caption-fit-to-image{display:table}.tb-image .tb-image-caption-fit-to-image .tb-image-caption{display:table-caption;caption-side:bottom}.tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="64a7bdb598fc1f84928d6caa63eabd2a"] {  } .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="7e3a1e54c6cffe397819234574554c82"] {  } .tb-container .tb-container-inner{width:100%;margin:0 auto} } @media only screen and (max-width: 599px) { .tb-container .tb-container-inner{width:100%;margin:0 auto} .wp-block-toolset-blocks-container.tb-container[data-toolset-blocks-container="7b00033d54d42a5e8079342908629dd9"] { padding-right: 0;padding-left: 0; } .tb-container .tb-container-inner{width:100%;margin:0 auto} .wp-block-toolset-blocks-container.tb-container[data-toolset-blocks-container="a16c635640a82fb718645c6a45644254"] { padding-top: 50px;padding-bottom: 50px; } .tb-button{color:#f1f1f1}.tb-button--left{text-align:left}.tb-button--center{text-align:center}.tb-button--right{text-align:right}.tb-button__link{color:inherit;cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;line-height:100%;text-decoration:none !important;text-align:center;transition:all 0.3s ease}.tb-button__link:hover,.tb-button__link:focus,.tb-button__link:visited{color:inherit}.tb-button__link:hover .tb-button__content,.tb-button__link:focus .tb-button__content,.tb-button__link:visited .tb-button__content{font-family:inherit;font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;letter-spacing:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;text-shadow:inherit;text-transform:inherit}.tb-button__content{vertical-align:middle;transition:all 0.3s ease}.tb-button__icon{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;font-style:normal !important}.tb-button__icon::before{content:attr(data-font-code);font-weight:normal !important}.tb-button__link{background-color:#444;border-radius:0.3em;font-size:1.3em;margin-bottom:0.76em;padding:0.55em 1.5em 0.55em}h4.tb-heading[data-toolset-blocks-heading="f79d6d57d387b7b89bded1eefd14c9fa"]  { font-size: 26px; }  .tb-container .tb-container-inner{width:100%;margin:0 auto} .wp-block-toolset-blocks-container.tb-container[data-toolset-blocks-container="4d339687f4c9c354ed4e82e865692339"] { padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px; } .tb-container .tb-container-inner{width:100%;margin:0 auto} .wp-block-toolset-blocks-container.tb-container[data-toolset-blocks-container="60e6082cff0d77c818bfabe5ab1b89e8"] { padding-right: 0;padding-left: 0; }     .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="f748a0fe2c80541bf77d03679475cbde"] { display: none; } .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="a908943b9d25dbcf6af74680c7a16de8"] { display: none; }  .tb-image{position:relative;transition:transform 0.25s ease}.wp-block-image .tb-image.aligncenter{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.tb-image img{max-width:100%;height:auto;width:auto;transition:transform 0.25s ease}.tb-image .tb-image-caption-fit-to-image{display:table}.tb-image .tb-image-caption-fit-to-image .tb-image-caption{display:table-caption;caption-side:bottom}.tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="7e3a1e54c6cffe397819234574554c82"] { font-size: 40px;margin-top: 0; } .tb-fields-and-text[data-toolset-blocks-fields-and-text="7e3a1e54c6cffe397819234574554c82"] p { font-size: 40px; } .tb-container .tb-container-inner{width:100%;margin:0 auto} .wp-block-toolset-blocks-container.tb-container[data-toolset-blocks-container="707cca86d1d69a4200c9d1bca01a6eeb"] { padding-bottom: 100px; }  } 
My research focuses on transnational migration, especially the long history of migrant mobility, criminalization and detention in the Americas. As a borderlands scholar, I have looked at the development of racial and national identity on the US-Mexico border, clandestine migration networks by Chinese throughout the Americas, and the history of immigrant detention in the United States.
PROJECTS AND EXHIBITIONS
Currently working on a book project about the criminalization of Mariel Cuban refugees as the origin of our current moment of mass immigrant incarceration.
INTERVIEWS
Interview with Adam Goodman, Boom California, March 4, 2021
Interview with Against the Grain, April 12, 2021
Interview with Sonali Kolhatkar, Rising Up, January 27, 2021
Interview with Megan Labrise, Fully Booked, Kirkus Reviews
Immigrant Detention, Immigration History Research Center, University of Minnesota, January 25, 2021
Interested in being listed in the expert database?
Become an IEHS member to create a public profile. Your membership includes a subscription to Journal of American Ethnic History, the leading peer-reviewed research journal on the history of migration to North American from all other parts of the world, as well as eligibility for research awards and prizes.
Already a member? Contact Andy Urban at db_manager@iehs.org to receive the expert database signup form.