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Home / Find our experts / Maria Cristina Garcia
Maria Cristina Garcia
Howard A. Newman Professor of American Studies, Department of History, Cornell University
CONTACT INFORMATION
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Maria Cristina Garcia
Howard A. Newman Professor of American Studies, Department of History, Cornell University
AREAS OF EXPERTISE
Caribbean Migration, Ecological Migration, Immigration During the 20th Century, Immigration During the 21st Century, Latin American Migration, North American Migration, Refugee and Asylum
PUBLIC ENGAGEMENT
BIO
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Maria Cristina Garcia, an Andrew Carnegie Fellow, is the Howard A. Newman Professor of American Studies at Cornell University, where she holds appointments in the Department of History and the Latino Studies Program. Garcia is a historian of 20th/21st century United States specializing in immigration and refugee history, the Latino populations in the US, and migration in the Americas. She is the author of The Refugee Challenge in Post-Cold War America (Oxford University Press); Seeking Refuge: Central American Migration to Mexico, the United States, and Canada (University of California Press); and Havana USA: Cuban Exiles and Cuban Americans in South Florida (University of California Press). She is also the co-editor of A Nation of Immigrants Reconsidered: U.S. Society in an Age of Restriction, 1924-1965 (University of Illinois Press). Her forthcoming book, under contract at the University of North Carolina Press, examines US responses to climate-driven migration in the Caribbean and Central America. She is also completing (with Maddalena Marinari) another co-edited anthology. Garcia is a past president of the Immigration and Ethnic History Society (2015-2018). In 2017, Garcia was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and the Society of American Historians.
AWARDS
Select awards: • Andrew Carnegie Fellow • President’s and Provost’s Award for Excellence in Research, Teaching, and Service in Diversity, Cornell University • Kendall S. Carpenter Memorial Advising Award, Cornell University • Stephen and Margery Russell Distinguished Teaching Award, College of Arts and Sciences, Cornell University
INTERVIEWS
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Select op-eds and interviews:
- “How the American Asylum Bureaucracy grew,” Wall Street Journal, June 29, 2018.
- “The Huddled Masses and the Myth of America,” Interview on NPR’s “The Hidden Brain,” October 11, 2016.
- “Why the first Olympic team may not be the last,” The Conversation, June 20, 2016.
- “US Refugee History,” American History TV’s Lectures in History, C-SPAN, December 1, 2015 (aired February 27, 2016 on CSPAN-3)
- “America has never actually welcomed the world’s huddled masses,” Washington Post, November 20, 2015.
- “Immigration,” Bloomberg Radio.
- “The 1965 Hart-Celler Act.” American History TV, C-SPAN, June 2015.
- “A Cuban American’s hopes for US-Cuba relations,” Quartz, March 3, 2015.
- “Don’t miss this golden chance to reform our outdated Cuba policies,” Orlando Sun-Sentinel, February 6, 2015.
- “NPR’s Morning Edition, “Young Migrants may request asylum, but it’s hard to get,” August 14, 2014.
- Interviewee and Consultant on the six-part PBS series on “The Latinos Americans” produced by WETA and the Latino Public Broadcasting Corporation (LPB) which first aired September/October 2013.
- Interviewee and Consultant on “The Florida Dream” (Documentary on 20th century Immigration to Florida), Florida Council for the Humanities, 2007.
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