Vol. 38, No. 4, Summer 2019

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JAEH Archive / Vol. 38, No. 4, Summer 2019

Journal of American Ethnic History

Vol. 38, No. 4, Summer 2019

Special issueMulti-ethnic Immigration and the US South

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Table of Contents

ARTICLES

Immigration History and the End of Southern Exceptionalism

By: Julie M. Weise

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Borderland Unionism: Latina Activism in Ybor City and Tampa, Florida, 1935-1937

By: Sarah McNamara

Abstract

This article examines the intersections of gender, labor, and political organizing in Tampa and Ybor City, Florida from 1935 to 1937. By following the personal and professional evolution of labor leader Luisa Moreno in the US South, this article explores the reciprocal relationship between Latina tobacco workers and Moreno’s approach to labor unionism and political mobilization. While Moreno arrived in Tampa prepared to unite workers across ideological and physical barriers, what she encountered was a borderland, a space where multiple groups asserted ultimate authority over place and people. Although the laws and legislation of the US government applied to those living in the city, their regulation depended on the actions of people who lived in the region and independently competed for influence and power. As a result of ethnic and racial boundaries in the city (not only between Anglos and people of color, but also between Latina/o and African American communities), Moreno adapted her strategy of traditional class-based unionism to the realities of this borderland and adopted a Latina-centric approach to labor organizing that joined international radicalism and grassroots interests to challenge the control of de jure and de facto Jim Crow exclusions.

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Transpacific Camptowns: Korean Women, US Army Bases, and Military Prostitution in America

By: Yuri W. Doolan

Abstract

Military prostitution has been a staple of US–Korea relations since the 1940s, contained in the so-called camptown communities surrounding US military bases in South Korea. But during the 1970s, as the US military steadily reduced its troop presence in Asia, camptowns were thrown into a chaotic state. Facing tremendous social disorder and economic upheaval, establishments that depended upon GI patronage began sending their madams and sex workers to domestic military sites through brokered marriages with US servicemen. These women arrived in the US South, a region housing the vast majority of America’s military. Consequently, southern bases like Fort Bragg in Fayetteville (NC), Fort Campbell in Clarksville (TN), and Fort Hood in Killeen (TX) saw the proliferation of military prostitution, which took form in illicit massage businesses catering to the sexual needs of local troop populations. By the 1980s, the Korean American sex trade would spread from these southern military towns to elsewhere in the United States. Highlighting the transpacific circuits among camptowns in South Korea and military bases in the United States since 1945, this article develops a portrait of the US South as a transnational militarized terrain, the camptown as a transpacific phenomenon, and Korean immigrant community formation as deeply intertwined with the happenings of US militarism abroad. In doing so, it explains how the proliferation of illicit massage businesses witnessed by southern military communities in the 1970s was a transnational outgrowth of military prostitution encouraged by the US military in South Korea.

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Racial Calculations: Indian and Pakistani Immigrants in Houston, 1960-1980

By: Uzma Quraishi

Abstract

Highly educated Indian and Pakistani immigrants arrived in boomtown Houston in the 1960s and 1970s, readily securing employment as engineers or other white-collar professionals. At the same time, they faced racism in housing, the workplace, university campuses, and restaurants. Asians were “conditionally included”—that is, accepted for their economic value but often, socially outcast. The racial calculations made by Indian and Pakistani immigrants in a rapidly internationalizing city were fraught with contradictions. They sought places and spaces where they felt tolerated, even if not completely welcomed into the fold. At the same time, they wielded their class status and ethnicity as tools by which they could both distance themselves from other racialized minorities and attempt to bypass their own racialization altogether. The experiences of immigrants of color reveals the racial architecture–-that is, those norms that upheld the structure of white privilege–-of a changing American South.

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Multi-Ethnic Immigration and a Nuevo South: A Discussion with Perla M. Guerrero

By: Cecilia Márquez and Perla M. Guerrero

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REVIEWS

The Politics of the Headscarf in the United States by Bozena C. Welborne, Aubrey L. Westfall, Özge Çelik Russell, Sarah A. Tobin

By: Hajer Al-Faham

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Porous Borders: Multiracial Migrations and the Law in the U.S.–Mexico Borderlands by Julian Lim

By: Laura D. Gutiérrez

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The Black Panther Party in a City Near You by Judson L. Jeffries

By: Jama Lazerow

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Are We Not Foreigners Here? Indigenous Nationalism in the U.S.–Mexico Borderlands by Jeffrey M. Schulze

By: Brenden W. Rensink

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Respectability and Reform: Irish American Women's Activism, 1880-1920 by Tara M. McCarthy

By: Patricia Kelleher

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Inventing the Immigration Problem: The Dillingham Commission and Its Legacy by Katherine Benton-Cohen

By: Robert F. Zeidel

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Dagger John: Archbishop John Hughes and the Making of Irish America by John Loughery

By: William B. Kurtz

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An African American and Latinx History of the United States by Paul Ortiz

By: Sandra I. Enríquez

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Deep Roots: How Slavery Still Shapes Southern Politics by Avidit Acharya, Matthew Blackwell, Maya Sen

By: Michael K. Brown

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Gone Dollywood: Dolly Parton's Mountain Dream by Graham Hoppe

By: T.R.C. Hutton

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Booker T. Washington in American Memory by Kenneth M. Hamilton

By: Kendra T. Field

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Glory in Their Spirit: How Four Black Women Took on the Army During World War II by Sandra M. Bolzenius

By: Melissa Ziobro

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The Indian World of George Washington: The First President, the First Americans, and the Birth of the Nation by Colin G. Calloway

By: Eliga H. Gould

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Gendering the Trans-Pacific World: Diaspora, Empire, and Race by Catherine Ceniza Choy, Judy Tzu-Chun Wu

By: Yukari Takai

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California Mission Landscapes: Race, Memory, and the Politics of Heritage by Elizabeth Kryder-Reid

By: Rubén G. Mendoza

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I Fight for a Living: Boxing and the Battle for Black Manhood, 1880-1915 by Louis Moore

By: Adam Chill

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Black Public History in Chicago: Civil Rights Activism from World War II into the Cold War by Ian Rocksborough-Smith

By: Amy M. Tyson

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Zombies, Migrants, and Queers: Race and Crisis Capitalism in Pop Culture by Camilla Fojas

By: Hannah Noel

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